Transformers

Transformers are devices used for changing the potential of alternating currents. Structure of simple transformer is given below;

Voltage is applied to the primary coil and, we take transformed voltage from secondary coil. There are two types of the transformer, step up and step down. We use a step down transformers in electrical devices like radio, and step up transformers in the welding machine.

Step Up Transformer

This type of transformer used for increase the incident voltage. Number of turns in the secondary coil is larger than the number of turns in the primary coil.

Step Down Transformer

This type of transformer used for decrease incident voltage. Number of turns in the primary coil is larger than the number of turns in the secondary coil.

Transformer Equations

 Vp is the potential, Ip is the current, Np is the turn on the primary coil and  Vs is the potential, Is is the current, Ns is the turn on the secondary coil. We use following equations to find potential, current or number of turns of any coil;

N1/N2=V1/V2=I2/I1